Apparatus for manufacturing composite pipe.



PATBNTED JAN. 13, 1903.

D. A. RITGHIP. Y APPARATUS P0P MANUPAG'PURINGoMPosITP PIPE.

A PPLIOATION FILED SEPT. 22,1902.

s SRPMS-SHEET 1.

N0 MIDDEL.

l'wenvr @QW A '-llll No.\'7l8,158. i N PATENTED JAN. 13, 1903.

D. A. RITCHIE.

' APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING COMPOSITE PIPE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 22, 1902.

N0 MODEL. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

lUNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DAVID A. RITCHIE, OF CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO LAMB dt RITCHIE, OF CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS, A FIRM.

APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING COMPOSITE PIPE.

SPECIFICATION forming' part of Letters Patent No. 718,158, dated anuary 13, 1903.

Application filed September 22, 1902. Serial No. 124,279. (No model.)

'[0 @ZZ whom. twee/.y concern:

Be it known that I, DAVID A. RITCHIE, a citizen of the United States, residing in Cambridge, in the county of Suolk and State of Massachusetts, have-invented an Improvement in Apparatus for Manufacturing Com-H posite Pipe, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like characters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention relates to an apparatus with which composite non-corrodible metal pipe, such as shown and described in United States Patent No. 610,224, dated September 6, 1898, may be produced. f

The invention has for its object to provide a simple and efficient apparatus for the purpose specified and one with which composite non-corrodible pipe may be produced in a minimum time and at a minimum expense.

The apparatus herein shown is more particularly designed for' producing a non-co1'- rodible pipe composed of an outer tube of iron or steel and an inner tube of non-corrodible metal of relatively lower meltingpoint, such as tin, lead, zinc, and the like or their alloys.

For convenience I shall hereinafter refer to the iron or steel tube or pipe as the primary tube and the non-corrodible tube as the inner tube.

In accordance with this inventionI employ a mandrel for determining the thickness of the inner tube and a support for the primary tube, one of which parts is movable longitudinally with relation to the other, means for heating the primary tube while on the mand rel, and means for cooling the primary tube, so that the portion of the molten metal within the primary tube and between it and the mandrel is solidified, and substantially as fast as it is formed thesolidified portion While yet united with the remaining molten metal is removed from Within the cooling device or means and another portion of the primary tube containing the non-corrodible metal in a molten condition is brought under the in- Iiuence of the cooling means. The primary tube is suitably prepared so as to effect the molecular union of the molten non-corrodible metal with the interior of the primary tube, which may be accomplished by chemically cleansing the primary tube by pickling in the `like metal or their alloys.

usual manner, treating the same with a liquid iux, such as chlorid of zinc, and dipping the fluxed tube into a tinning or galvanizing bath. The primary tube thus treated may be taken from the tin-bath and placed over the mandrel, or the tube thus coated may be allowed to cool, and when cold it maybe reheated to substantially the melting-point of V,the coating and then placed over the mandrel. Provision is made for maintaining the non-corrodible metal within the primary tube in a molten condition until it is subjected to the influence of the vcooling means. Provision is also made for protecting the heating device from the su rplus metal, as will be described. These and other features of this inlvention will be pointed out in the claims at the end of this specification.

Figure l represents in side elevation and section an apparatus embodying this invention; Fig.` 2, a plan View of the apparatus shown in Fig. l; Fig. 3, a detail in perspec tive, on an enlarged scale, to be referred to; Fig. 4, a like detail, which is to be read in connection with Fig. 3; Figp, a transverse sectional detail, on an enlarged scale, to be referredto; Fig.' 6, a detail of the chilling device preferred for large-size pipe; Fig. 7, a detail in longitudinal Asection and elevation, on an enlarged scale, to be referred to; Fig. 8, a detailof the heater-protecting device, and Fig. 9 a modified form of chilling device.

Referring to Figs. l and 2, ot represents a suitable furnace for heating a kettle or-vat b, containing the non-corrodible 'metal c, which, as above stated, may be tin, lead, zinc, and In the present embodiment of` my invention the primary tube d, (see Figs. 5 and 7,) which is to be provided within it with an innertube'e of noncorrodible metal molecularly united thereto, is made movable with relation' to amandrelfand a chilling device g, and for this purpose I employ a movable support orcarriage h, (see Fig. 4,) suitably supported to reciprocate in an inclined plane, the said carriage being shown as a bar extended transversely of a trough-shaped frame t' and attached at one end to a rack-barj, movable longitudinally of said trough or r frame in suitable guideways 7c. The rack-bar j is adapted to be moved in opposite directions in any suitable manner, and, as herein shown,

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the said rack-bar is engaged bya gear Z, (see Fig. 1,) which may be rotated by suitable gearing m, under control of the operator. The carriage h is provided with suitable means for sustaining or anchoring one end of the primary tube, or, as is preferred, for anchoring an extension of or attachment to said primary tube.

In the present instance the carriage h is shown as provided with a recess o (see Figs. 4 and 7) for the reception of acollar or iiange p on the extension or attachment q of the primary tube, which attachment or extension is secured to the carriage by a locking device, (shown as a lever r,) pivoted to the carriage h and adapted to be moved over the recess 0, the said lever having a slot i, which is adapted to engage a bolt or stud 'tt below its head w, as clearly shown in Fig. 4.

The primary tube or pipe d is provided in the presentinstance atits opposite end, which may be designated its upper end, with a hollow extension or attachment 10, (see Fig. 7,) which is provided with one or more ports or openings l2, for a purpose as will be described. The primary tube CZ is adapted to be moved by the carriage 7i over the mandrel f, which may and preferably will be made as herein shown and which consists of a cylindrical body or section composed of disks of mica or like material and constituting the mandrel proper, an eXpansible section 14, composed of a plurality of pieces separated from one another to form channels through which the molten metal may flow, a rod 15 and the hollow portion or section 16, which latter is secured toasuitable support, (shown as an upright 17, see Fig. 3,) attached to the bottom of the inclined trough or frame t', which may be supported in any suitable manner.

The trough or inclined run or frameiis made of sufficient length to permit the carriage h to be moved downward far enough to clear the mandrel and permit the completed pipe to be removed from the carriage.

The hollow section 16 of the mandrel constitutes a supply-pipe for the primary tube and in the present instance is provided with a metal-inlet port having connected with it a funnel 21, through which the molten non-corrodible metal is admitted into said supplypipe and from which it flows out into the primary tube through the outlet ports or openings 22 in said supply-pipe. (See Figs. 3, 6, and 7.) The primary tube d is supported in its travel longitudinally over the mandrel by suitable guides or supports, shown as pieces 23, of metal, (see Figs. 3 and 5,) provided with oppositely-inclined ends 24 and arranged obliquely to each other to form a substantially .V-shaped space or passage, through which the primary tube passes, While resting against the straight portion of the pieces 23.

The guides 23 may be secured to uprights 25, fastened to the bottom of the trough or frame t', as clearly shown in Fig. 5. Below the mandrel is located a heater for maintaining the non-corrodible metal Within the primary tnbe in a molten condition.

The heater referred to may be made as heroin shown and consists of one or more gaspipes 26, provided with ports or openings 27 for the passage of the gas out of the said pipe. In the present instance I have shown a single burner-pipe 26, provided with two longitudinal rows of gas-outlet ports 27, which are suitably spaced, so as to cause the flame resulting from the ignition of the gas to pass up under and around both sides of the primary tube after the manner represented in Fig. 5. The burner tube or pipe 26 extends substantially the length of the mandrel and may be supported in any suitable manner and may be connected by suitable branch pipes 30 with a pipe 31, extended longitudinally of the trough t' below the same and connected with a main supply-pipe 32, having a controlling cock or valve 33. The pipe 3l may be connected by a flexible pipe 34 (see Fig. 1) with a Bunsen or other burner 35, which is Suitably supported above the trough, as by an upright 36, and which is employed to heat the hollow extension or supply-pipe 16 to prevent cooling of the molten metal poured into the same. The lnain gas-supply 32 may also be connected by a flexible pipe 38 with a Bunsen or other burner 39, which is employed to heat the mandrel proper, f, and prevent chilling of the molten metal in the primary tube prior to the desired exterior chilling, which latter is accomplished by flowing or directing cold water or other fluid through the chilling device g, which, as herein shown, consists, essentially, of a hollow body, preferably cylindrical or substantially cylindrical in shape and provided on its inner surface with a plurality of outlet ports oropenings 40 and having one or more inlet ports or openings 42. For small sizes of primary tubes, such as one-half inch in diameter, the chilling device may be made as represented in Fig. 9 and may be provided with a single inlet-port, Whereas for large sizes of primary tubes-such, for instance, as from one-half inch upward in diameter-the said chilling device may be made in two parts or halves, as shown in Fig. 6, the said parts being pivotally connected, as at 44, and each provided with a uid-inlet port.

The inlet port or ports of the chilling device may be connected with the water-service of the building or with any other suitable source of supply. As shown in Fig. 6, the inlet-port for the upper half of the chilling device is connected by a flexible pipe 45 with the supply-pipe 46 for the lower half of said device. Each branch pipe 30 may be provided with a cock or valve 48 to regulate the supply of gas to the burners. The port or opening 12 in the hollow extension 10 of the primary tube serves as an outlet for the surplus molten metal, and in order to prevent the gas-outlet ports of the burner in the vicinity of the mandrel being closed by the IOO IIO

surplus metal discharged through the said port I have provided a cover or shield, (shown in Fig. 8,) and comprising a substantially semicircular piece 50, adapted to fit over the upper side or portion of the burner-pipe 26 and provided with a handle 51.

The mandrelf and its attached expansible section 14 are detachably secured to the ,rod 15, and when in operative position the mandrel extends wholly or partially through the chilling device, and in order to facilitate the attachment of the mandrel to the rod 15 and its detachment therefrom the chilling device is left'with the opening 70, (shown in Fig. 9,) or the upper section is movable, as shown in Fig. 6.

The method of manufacturing composite pipe by the aid of the apparatus therein shown 1 `by means of an apparatus not herein shown,

` until the said tube has been heated to substantially the melting-point of the tin coating. It is then placed in the trough-like frame t', with its lower end secured to the carriage h and its upper end resting on one set of the guides 23. The power is then applied to move the carriage upward or in the direction indicated by the arrow 100, Fig. 1, the primary tube being guided through the chilling device and over the mandrel f. The carriage continues its upward travel until the lower end of the primary tube is within the chilling device, substantially as represented in Fig. 7. At such time the upper extension or attachment l0 of the primary tube has been passed over the supply-pipe 16 and the lower end of the mandrelfs extended into a threaded ring 72 within the hollow extension q and of substantially the same diameter as the mandrel, as represented in Fig. 7. The ring 72 constitutes one form of stop to arrest the downward flow of the molten metal within the primary tube. The machine is then stopped and an operator at the furnace dips a quantity of the molten metal from the kettle b and pours the same into the funnel 21. The molten metal flows through the port 22 into the extension 10 and thence down within the primary tube until it meets the ring or stop 72, where itsflow is stopped. A second operator now turns on the supply of chilling iiuid, which, as represented in Fig. 7, is projected against the outside portion of the primary tube within the chilling device and serves to congeal the portion of the molten metal between the mandrel and the extension qand also between the mandrel and the primary tube, and thus form a portion of the inner tube. The carriage h is then started on its downward movement, and the primary tube is drawn over the mandrel, thus bringing another portion ofthe primary tube and molten metal within the chilling device, wherein the molten metal is chilled as it passes over the mandrel. This action is continued until the primary tube and the hollow eXtension or attachment 10 has been drawn oft' from the mandrel out of the chilling device, whereupon the carriage is stopped and the composite pipe thus formed, together with the attachments 10 q, is removed from the carriage, after which the extensions or attachments are unscrewed from the ends of the primary tube and any non-corrodible metal in said attachments is melted out, which may be accomplished by dipping the extensions in thekettle b. During the movement of the primary tube over the mandrel the said tube may and preferably will be turned somewhat slowly, so as to avoid uneven heating of the primary tube.

With primary tubes of small size I prefer to pour into the same at one time aquantity of non-corrodible metal more than suiiicient to form the inner tube; but with large sizes of primary tubes I prefer to make a number of pourings; but I do not desire to limit myself in this respect.

Some of the surplus metal is discharged through the port 12 in the hollow extension of the primary tube, and to avoid this metal filling the ports or openings 27 in the gasburner the cover or shield 50 is applied to the lower portion of the burner as the upper end of the primary tube approaches the chilling device, as represented in Fig. 7. When large sizes of tubes are used, the heat from the auX- iliary burner 39 being sufficient to maint-ain the metal in the end of the primary tube and in its extension in a molten condition until solidified by the chilling duid; but when small sizes of primary tubes are used the shield may be applied in the beginning of the operation, as the heat from the remaining portion of the burner is sufficient to maintain the non-corrodible metal molten in these small sizes oftubes.

Afterthe composite tubeis formed as above described another tube previously prepared is placed in the apparatus, and the operation just described is repeated.

While I may prefer to employ the mandrel herein shown, I do not desire to limit myself to any particular form or construction of mandrel, provided, however, that it is constructed at its end so as to enter the ring 72 or equivalent device within the attachment, and thereby insure the free end ot' the mandrel being centered with relation to the primary tube. After a portion of the inner tube has been formed as abovedescribed thisportion of the inner tube actsto center the free IOO IIO

end of the mandrel as the primary tube is drawn o from the mandrel.

g The upper portion of the trough or frame i may and preferably will have secured to it a hood 80, (see Figs. l and 5,) which acts to collect any fumes created bythe heating of the coating on the outside of the primary tube and from which said fumes are drawn off through a suitable outlet-pipe 8l, which may be connected with the chimney or with any suitable exhaust apparatus.

I claim- 1. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with a bath of non-corrodible metal, and means to heat said bath, of a downwardly-inclined trough or supporting-frame, a mandrelsupported above the bottom or" said trough or frame and provided with a hollow extension having an inlet and an outlet port, a burner extended longitudinally of said mandrel, a hollow device provided with a fluidinlet port and with a plurality of fluid-outlet ports, a carriage for the primary tube movable bodily with relation to said mandrel and in the direction of the length thereof, guides for said tube, and means for moving said carriage, substantially as described.

2. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with a mandrel provided with a hollow extension having an inlet port or opening and an outlet port or opening, of a support or carriage for the primary tube movable toward and from said mand rel, means for heating the said primary tube while on the mandrel, and means for cooling the primary tube as it is moved o of the mandrel by, said carriage, substantially as described.

3. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with a mandrel provided with a hollow portion having an inlet and an outlet port or opening, of a support for the primary tube arranged substantially in line with said mandrel, one of which parts is movable longitudinally with relation to the other, means for heating said primary tube while on the mandrel, and means for cooling said primary tube, substantially as described.

4. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with an inclined frame, of a mandrel supported thereby, a burner for heating said mandrel, a cooling device coperating with said mandrel, and a support for the primary tube, said support and said mandrel being arranged to move longitudinally one with relation to the other, substantially as described. A

5. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with an inclined frame provided with guideways, ofa rack-bar movable in said gnideways, a support or carriage for the primary tube attached to said rack-bar, means for moving said rack-bar in its guideways, a mandrel in line with the carriage and toward which the said carriage is movable to place the primary tube thereon, means for heating said primary tube while on the mandrel, and means for cooling the primary tube' while itis being moved oft' of the mandrel, substantially as described.

6. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with an inclined frame provided with guideways, of a carriage or support for the primary tube movable in said guideways, means for moving said ca-rriage, a mandrel in line with said carriage and toward which said carriage is movable, means for heating said primary tube while on the mandrel, and means for cooling said primary tube while it is being moved oi of the mandrel, substantially as described.

7. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with a support for the primary tube, of a mandrel substantially in line with said support, one of which parts is movable with relation to the other, means for heating said primary tube while on its mandrel, and a hollow device into which said mandrel is extended, said device having a fluidinlet port on its outer surface, and a fluid-outlet port on its inner surface, substantially as described.

8. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with a support for the primary tube, of a mandrel substantially in line with said support, one of which parts is movable with relation to the other, means for heating said primary tube while on its mandrel, and a hollow device into which said mandrel is extended, said device comprising a plurality of hollow parts each provided with a uidinlet on its outer surface and a plurality of Huid-outlet ports on its inner surface, substantially as described.

9. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with a mandrel, of a support for the primary tube arranged substantially in line with said mandrel, one of which parts is movable longitudinally with relation to the other, means for heating said primary tube while on the mandrel, and means for cooling said primary tube, substantially as described.

l0. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with a mandrel, of a primary tube, a hollow device into which the primary tube is extended, said device having within it means for coperating with the mandrel when the latter is within the primary tube to center the free end of said mandrel with relation to the primary tube and to act as a stop for the molten metal, means for longitdinally moving said primary tube or said mandrel, one with relation to the other, means for heating said primary tube, and means for cooling said primary tube, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specication in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

DAVID A. RITCHIE.

Witnesses:

JAS. H. CHURCHILL, J. MURPHY.

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